Reverse Osmosis And Nanofiltration -

Modern membranes utilize thin-film composite (TFC) structures, with emerging materials like graphene oxide (GO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and biomimetic materials showing promise for higher permeability and chemical resistance. Primary Applications

Reverse Osmosis (RO) and Nanofiltration (NF) are advanced, pressure-driven membrane technologies crucial for water purification, desalination, and industrial separation. Both operate by applying pressure to overcome natural osmotic pressure, pushing water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane while rejecting impurities. Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration

Recent advancements focus on lowering operating pressures and improving pressure recovery devices (PRDs) to reduce energy consumption. carbon nanotubes (CNTs)