: These are external individuals (originally caregivers) experienced as part of the self. They perform vital functions—such as soothing or validating—that the person cannot yet do for themselves.
: Kohut proposed that a healthy self is established through two main poles: The Analysis of the Self: A Systematic Approach...
: Develops through "mirroring" (affirmation) from others. Heinz Kohut's (1971) is a seminal text that
Heinz Kohut's (1971) is a seminal text that launched the field of Self Psychology . It challenged traditional Freudian orthodoxy by shifting the focus from internal drive conflicts to the development and maintenance of a cohesive "self". Core Theoretical Framework : Develops through the ability to "merge" with
Kohut redefined not as a stage to be outgrown, but as a separate line of development that persists throughout life.
: Develops through the ability to "merge" with a powerful, calm, and protective figure. Clinical Innovations